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Annaba

عنابة
Commune and city
Annaba.jpg
Country Algeria
ProvinceAnnaba Province
DistrictAnnaba District
Population
 (2002)
 • Total258,058
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)

Annaba (Arabic: عنابة‎, ‘Annābah, formerly Bône, historically Hippo) is a city in the northeastern corner of Algeria near the river Seybouse and the Tunisian border. It is located in Annaba Province. With a population of 258,058 (2002 estimate), it is the fourth largest city in Algeria. It is a leading industrial centre in eastern Algeria.[citation needed]

Prehistory and history

The vicinity of Annaba has yielded evidence of very early hominid occupation at Ain el Hanech, near Saïda (c. 200,000 B.C.), including artefacts that show remarkable tool-making craftsmanship. Other archaeological finds include tools in the Levalloisian and Mousterian styles produced by humans (Homo sapiens) well before 100,000 years ago, similar to those in the Levant. According to some sources, prehistoric Algeria was the site of the most advanced development of flake-tool techniques in the Middle Early Stone Age (Middle Paleolithic). Tools from this era, starting from at least as early as 85,000 BC, are called Aterian after the site Bir el Ater south of Annaba. These tools are marked by a high standard of workmanship, great variety, and specialization. See Prehistory of Central North Africa.

Bone - Hotel de Ville.jpg

Annaba, which was called Hippo Regius during Roman times, was probably founded by the Phoenicians in the 12th century BC. It was a centre of early Western Christianity and was the site of many Christian synods, one of which was central in canonizing the current books of the New Testament Augustine of Hippo was bishop here from 396 until his death in 430.[1]The city has buildings from its Roman, Christian, and Muslim eras.

During French rule, the city was known as Bône. It was one of the main European settlements, having a sizeable pied-noir minority. One famous pied-noir from Bône was Alphonse Juin, a Marshal of France and a former NATO Central Europe Commander.

Historical population[2]
Year Population Year Population
1882 22,000 1931 68,800
1886 29,600 1936 83,300
1892 30,800 1948 102,800
1896 32,300 1954 114,100
1899 34,500 1960 164,000
1901 37,000 1966 168,800
1906 42,900 1974 313,200
1911 42,000 1977 222,600 (town)
255,900 (municipality)
1921 45,200 1987 222,500 (town)
305,500 (municipality)
1926 51,900 1998 247,701 (town)
359,657 (municipality)

Climate

Climate data for Annaba
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 16.3
(61.3)
16.8
(62.2)
18.6
(65.5)
20.5
(68.9)
23.7
(74.7)
27.5
(81.5)
30.5
(86.9)
31.3
(88.3)
28.9
(84.0)
25.9
(78.6)
20.8
(69.4)
17.6
(63.7)
23.2
(73.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 11.6
(52.9)
11.9
(53.4)
13.4
(56.1)
15.2
(59.4)
18.4
(65.1)
22.0
(71.6)
24.8
(76.6)
25.7
(78.3)
23.6
(74.5)
20.4
(68.7)
15.9
(60.6)
12.9
(55.2)
17.98
(64.36)
Average low °C (°F) 6.9
(44.4)
7.0
(44.6)
8.2
(46.8)
9.8
(49.6)
13.0
(55.4)
16.5
(61.7)
19.0
(66.2)
20.0
(68.0)
18.2
(64.8)
14.9
(58.8)
10.9
(51.6)
8.1
(46.6)
12.71
(54.88)
Precipitation mm (inches) 98.5
(3.878)
76.6
(3.016)
61.2
(2.409)
64.1
(2.524)
38.3
(1.508)
14.0
(0.551)
3.10
(0.122)
8.20
(0.3228)
37.5
(1.476)
64.8
(2.551)
98.4
(3.874)
110.8
(4.362)
675.5
(26.594)
Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 14.5 12.2 11.4 11.2 8.2 4.2 1.4 2.8 6.9 9.5 14.5 14.6 111.4
Source: World Meteorological Organization (UN)[3]

Education

One of Annaba's most notable educational institutions is Annaba University. As of 2004, there are over 40,000 students enrolled.[4]

Transportation and industry

Annaba is served by Rabah Bitat Airport, an international airport whose IATA airport code is AAE. Annaba has rail links to the Algerian cities of Constantine and Algiers.

Tourism

Annaba is known for its beautiful beaches and family night life. Most tourists are from France and Italy.

Annaba[5]

References

  1. Braudel, Fernand (1995) [1963]. A history of civilizations. New York: Penguin Books. p. 335. ISBN 0140124896. A Berber, born in 354 at Thagaste (now Souk-Ahras) in Africa, he died as Bishop of Hippo (later Bone, now Annaba) in 430, while the Vandals were besieging the town.
  2. populstat.info
  3. "Weather Information for Annaba".
  4. http://www.annaba-univ.dz.org
  5. http://www.visoterra.com/images/original/Visoterra-annaba---vue-d-helicopter-6414.jpg

External links

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